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Threat Brief: Mitigating Large-Scale Credential Attacks (Updated August 18)
Executive Summary Identity has effectively become the new perimeter, where cybercriminals are increasingly choosing to log in rather than break in. To accomplish this, attackers frequently gather previously leaked...
Kimwolf v7: An Evolution of the Kimwolf Botnet
Content Warning We are providing a content warning because the following article contains usage of a racial slur by a threat actor, which Unit 42 does not condone in any instance. We have partially redacted the racial...
The Permanent Threat: Analyzing Aeternum’s Blockchain-Based C2 Operations and Communications
Executive Summary Aeternum is a recently discovered C++ botnet loader that shifts its command-and-control (C2) infrastructure entirely to the public Polygon blockchain. Instead of relying on centralized servers or...
Inside the Modern SOC: The Identity Front Door
The Identity Gap: Why Trust Has Become the New Attack Surface In The 72-Minute Race , we explored how attackers are compressing the time between initial access and business impact. But as attacks continue to accelerate,...
ChainDrop: Inside a Self-Propagating npm Worm
Executive Summary A self-propagating npm worm nicknamed ChainDrop infected over 400 packages that are collectively downloaded hundreds of millions of times each week. This includes malicious versions of widely used...
Token Jacking: Cybercriminals Could Be Stealing Your AI Resources
Executive Summary It’s three a.m., do you know what your AI agent is doing? Unit 42 has responded to a growing number of AI token jacking cases resulting in staggering financial losses. The financial loss comes from...
The Frontier AI Vulnerability Burst: Industrializing Autonomous Zero-Day Discovery in Open-Source Software
Executive Summary Frontier AI is fundamentally shifting the dynamics of cybersecurity — accelerating both how vulnerabilities are discovered and how quickly they can be exploited. Our vulnerability research team built...
Almost Half of Malware Samples Communicate Direct to IP
Executive Summary Malware samples often bypass DNS entirely, communicating directly to IP addresses instead. Our analysis of 4 million dynamic analysis reports indicates that almost half (45.32%) of malware samples with...
Pass the Passkey: A Novel Attack Surface in Passwordless Authentication
Executive Summary This article analyzes new attack classes against passwordless authentication, focusing on Google’s synced passkey ecosystem and the Cloud Authenticator used by desktop clients. The attacks demonstrate...
The Xcode Assassin Returns: A Deep Dive Into the Latest XCSSET Version
Executive Summary After months of dormancy, the attackers behind the XCSSET malware released version 40 (v40), targeting the macOS ecosystem. This version’s advanced architecture hides its core logic in memory space,...
Chinese-Speaking Threat Actor Harnesses AI Models for Autonomous Cyberattacks
Executive Summary Unit 42 identified an AI-enabled autonomous hacking campaign carried out by a Chinese-speaking threat actor. They targeted infrastructure using seven vulnerabilities, combining autonomous AI-driven...
Russian Global Webmail Espionage
Executive Summary Unit 42 has observed a persistent cyberespionage campaign we track as CL-STA-1114. This activity cluster overlaps with activity from a Russian threat actor tracked by other vendors as Void Blizzard and...